Photo of Mortimer Mishkin

Mortimer Mishkin

  • National Medal of Science
  • Behavioral And Social Science

For his contributions to understanding the neural basis of perception and memory in primates, notably the delineation of sensory neocortical processing systems especially for vision, audition, and somatic sensation, and the organization of memory systems in the brain.

Mortimer Mishkin on what is left to learn about the brain

The brain is a complex organ – so intricate, in fact, that a single revelation often yields dozens more questions. This is neuropsychologist Mortimer Mishkin’s world.

“Every discovery is a fantastic high,” he said.

Mishkin’s most significant project – focused on how the body processes perception and memory – opened the door to understanding amnesia and other brain conditions. In monkeys, Mishkin and his team determined that the brain uses separate paths to process different types of memory.

Cognitive memory, which recalls events and new information, courses through the brain’s limbic lobe, where emotions are managed. The skills and habits we develop, called “behavioral memory,” move through the basal ganglia, which controls action.

“As we’re able to learn more about how the brain works and how to fix it, millions of people are going to benefit,” Mishkin said, “and through that process understanding will develop about the role of science in having made all of that possible.”